【期末高分题集】[北京语言大学]《英语国家概况(Ⅰ)》考核必备96

奥鹏期末考核

17618–《英语国家概况(Ⅰ)》2022年北京语言大学期末复习题集

单选题：
（1）In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in （　　　）.
A.the Privy Council
B.the House of Lords
C.the Supreme Court
D.the House of Commons
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（2）By（　　　）Britain had built up a big empire, “on which the sun never set”.
A.1900
B.1910
C.1920
D.1930
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（3）_______is not true about the characteristics of Britain.
A.Economic differences between north and south
B.Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales
C.Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker
D.Cultural differences between immigrants and the British
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（4）___is the Maori name for New Zealand，meaning" land of the long，white cloud"．
A.Kiwi
B.Waitangi
C.Maoritanga
D.Aotearoa
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（5）_____ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.
A.the Anglo-Saxons
B.the Normans
C.the Vikings
D.the Romans
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（6）The sharp increase in the Australian population after W.W.II was partly because__________.
A.a large postwar immigration program was carried out
B.the Aboriginal people and the Torres Strait Islanders were not included in the census before W.W.II
C.more British convicts were transported to Australia
D.Australian soldiers came back from the War
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（7）The first white settlement in Australia was set up on January 26,（　　　）.
A.1778
B.1788
C.1878
D.1888
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（8）The Maori word "Marae" means _______.
A.Maori culture
B.non-Maori or European
C.protocol
D.meeting house
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（9）How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election?
A.651
B.326
C.626
D.351
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（10）Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through（ 　　　）.
A.the income tax
B.the council tax
C.the capital receipts
D.personal contribution
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（11）Two of the most famous literary works of the late 17th century were _ .
A.Hamlet and Paradise Lost
B.Pilgrim s Progress and Paradise Lost
C.Paradise Lost and Shepherd's Calendar
D.Romeo and Juliet and Shepherd's Calendar
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（12）New Zealand＇s three largest ethnic groups in terms of population are ____________.
A.New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and Maori
B.Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific Islands
C.New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific Islands
D.People from the Pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese
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（13）Why has Australia always been a continent with few people?
A.Because Australia is too far away from Europe
B.Because Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world's continents
C.Because Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seas
D.Because most of the continent is hot and dry
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（14）Which of the following about the BBC is not true?
A.There is no advertising on any of the BBC programmes
B.The BBC is funded by licence fees paid by people who possess television receiving sets
C.The BBC has four television channels
D.The BBC provides the World Service throughout the world
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（15）The first European settlement on the continent began in__________.
A.1901
B.1788
C.1770
D.1787
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（16）In Australia, the federal government and the state governments are formed by ___________.
A.the party chosen by the Governor-General
B.the party that has the most votes
C.the party that has the majority of the House of Representatives
D.the party that has the majority of the Senate
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（17）New Zealanders have adopted their name from the kiwi, _______.
A.which is a native flightless bird
B.which was the only mammal in New Zealand
C.which was introduced to New Zealand about 1000 years ago
D.which is an introduced flightless bird
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（18）Which of the following countries are Australia＇s major trading partners?
A.Britain and Japan.
B.Japan and the United States.
C.EC and countries in south-east Asi
D.New Zealand and Papua New Guinea.
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（19）Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for_______.
A.its most famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway"
B.its rich cultural life
C.its low living standards
D.its endless political problems
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（20）The largest state in Australia in terms of population is ____________.
A.Queensland
B.New South Wales
C.Western Australia
D.Victoria
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（21）The Australian national day is set on January 26 to commemorate________.
A.the founding of the Commonwealth of Australia
B.the discovery of the great southern unknown land'
C.the first European settlement of the continent
D.Captain James Cook's first voyage around Australia
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（22）The spirit of the Great Charter was ( ).
A.a limitation of the powers of the king
B.a guarantee of the freedom of the serfs
C.a limitation of the powers of the Church
D.a declaration of equality among all people
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（23）Strictly speaking, “the British Isles” refers to ( ).
A.Great Britain
B.Ireland
C.the United Kingdom
D.Great Britain and Ireland
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（24）Which of the following factors have, in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis in 2008, been prompting many Irish people, particularly the young, to leave Ireland?
A.Unemployment
B.Falling salaries
C.Poor career prospects
D.All of the above
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（25）Which statement about the British universities is NOT true?
A.They enjoy academic freedom.
B.They cannot appoint their own staff.
C.They are governed by royal charters.
D.They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.
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（26）British recorded history began with ( ).
A.Roman invasion
B.the Norman Conquest
C.the Viking and Danish invasion
D.the Anglo-Saxons invasion
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（27）The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from ( ).
A.Europe
B.the United States
C.Africa
D.the West Indies, India and Pakistan
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（28）The longest river in Ireland is ( ).
A.the Shannon River
B.Liffey River
C.Macgillicuddy's Reek
D.Carrantuohill
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（29）Apart from a break during the Second World War, the BBC has been providing regular television broadcasts since ( ).
A.1935
B.1936
C.1937
D.1938
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（30）Which of the following is NOT an effect of the immigration on the British society?
A.There are now varied cuisines for people to choose.
B.Class tension has been increased.
C.New forms of popular music have emerged.
D.Different religious beliefs have been practiced actively.
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（31）Three of the following factors have contributed to a certain degree of Britain's special relationship with the United States. Which is the exception?
A.Britain and the United States share the general ideas in many respects.
B.They have common interests in every respect.
C.They agree generally on how the world economy should be managed.
D.They have special links in culture.
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（32）In ( ), the author suggests that Irish peasants be encouraged to sell their own children as food for the rich, as a solution to the "problem" of poverty.
A.Gulliver's Travels
B.A Modest Proposal
C.Tristram Shandy
D.The Picture of Dorian Gray
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（33）( ) is the oldest and most respected of the non-Christian faith groups in Australia.
A.Islam
B.Buddhism
C.Judaism
D.Hinduism
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（34）( ) compiled theA Dictionary of the English Languagewhich became the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries.
A.Ben Johnson
B.Samuel Johnson
C.Alexander Pope
D.John Dryden
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（35）Which of the following is not among the leading crops in Northern Ireland?
A.Potato.
B.Barle.
C.Wheat.
D.Rice.
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（36）What is the term of Ireland’s President?
A.4
B.5
C.6
D.7
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（37）During the gold rushes in the 1850s in Australia, immigrants came mainly from ( ).
A.continental Europe
B.North America
C.China
D.All of the Above.
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（38）Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement?
A.Equal electoral districts
B.Voting by secret ballot
C.The vote for all adult males
D.The vote for all adult females
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（39）Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords?
A.Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.
B.It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
C.The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public
D.Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.
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（40）The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by ( ).
A.King Harold
B.Robin Hood
C.Oliver Cromwell
D.William the Conqueror
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（41）Which of the following is NOT one of the well-defined qualities of Australian literature?
A.A love of the vast, empty land, with its unique flora and fauna
B.A compelling sense of the worth of the common people.
C.Freedom from the bondage of European traditions.
D.Freedom from the issue of identity.
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（42）Which of the following is NOT a critic of multiculturalism in Australia?
A.John Howard
B.Pauline Hanson
C.Kevin Rudd
D.Mick Veivers
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（43）( ) is often considered the marking point of the medieval world's end and the modern world's beginning.
A.The end of the Thirty Years' War
B.The end of the Hundred Years' War
C.The defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English
D.The defeat of Napoleon
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（44）In the 1800s and early 1900s, Britain pursued the policy of ( ).
A.splendid isolation
B.retraction
C.appeasement
D.global supremacy
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（45）Today, about ( ) of Australians are descendants of convicts, including plenty of prominent citizens.
A.5%
B.10%
C.15%
D.20%
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判断题：
（1）Manufacturing industry is an important part of the UK economy, accounting for 5% of the nation＇s wealth
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（2）Today, the Irish economy is dominated in many ways by many multinationals, particularly in the electronic and pharmaceutical industries.
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（3）William Shakespeare＇s plays fall into three categories: tragedies such as Hamlet, comedies such as Merchant of Venice and historical plays like Charles II.
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（4）Britain＇s agricultural sector produces 58% of the UK＇s food need with only 2% of its workforce.
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（5）The Queen also acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.
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（6）The Australia, the senate of Parliament has the power to enact legislation.
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（7）Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.
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（8）Traditionally, people gave Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on Boxing day, which is the day after Christmas.
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（9）Catholicism has the demographic supremacy in Australia today.
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（10）The most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history.
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（11）The continent of Australia is the largest, fattest and driest continent in the world.
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（12）It is believed that the Celtic invaders may have come to Ireland as early as the 6th century BC.
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（13）Charles Dickens is one of the most famous of English Modernist writers.
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（14）The British Prime Minister is the leader of the political party that wins the most seats in a general election.
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（15）The Times, which began publishing in 1785, is the British oldest daily newspaper.
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（16）Oxbridge is the name used to refer to the top two universities: Cambridge and Oxford in Britain.
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（17）The Parliament of Ireland is composed of two houses: the Dail and the Seanad or the Senate.
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（18）The executive branch of Australian government is headed by the Governor-General who is the representative of the Queen.
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（19）The battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in winning the full independence of Wales.
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（20）The long wool boom helped to increase the population of Australia significantly.
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（21）Amongst European nations, Britain is the largest investor in China and sells much more of its own manufactured goods in China than do German or France.
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（22）Australia＇s policy of assimilation was founded on the belief that the white culture was progressive and superior while the indigenous culture was inferior.
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（23）“The City” refers to the historic area at the center of London. It is one of the biggest financial centers with the greatest concentration of banks, insurance companies and businesses dealing in commodities.
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（24）The death blow to the Irish language was Ireland＇s accession to the EU.
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（25）The President of Ireland is elected directly by the people.
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（26）Northern Ireland is considerably more urbanized and industrialized than the Republic of Ireland.
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（27）Agriculture in Great Britain is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force.
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（28）UK’s decision to join the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973 was not controversial at all.
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（29）The Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976 was significant in that it allowed a claim of title if claimants could provide evidence of their traditional association with land.
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（30）Voting is compulsory at all elections in Australia.
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（31）In the UK, all MPs and all members of the House of Lords receive salaries for their service.
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（32）The population in Australia was 400,000 at the start of the 1850s, but it increased to 1,000,000 by 1860 largely as a result of the gold rushes.
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（33）In the UK,working class pupils now have less chance of getting into the most sought-after universities than 15 years ago.
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（34）Since their accession to the European Union in May 2004 citizens from Poland, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia and Slovenia (the A8 countries) have had the right to participate in the UK labour market.
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（35）Ireland experienced a “brain drain” after the Global Financial Crisis, as the people leaving Ireland for a new life abroad were much more likely to have a higher level of education than the general population.
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（36）The British economy has been in an absolute decline for quite a long time.
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（37）The majority of Australians support multiculturalism.
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论述题：
（1）Why is Northern Ireland so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there?
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（2）How did the Gold Rushes in the mid-19th century impact the Australian colonies?
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（3）What are the British stereotypes about the Irish?
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（4）Why has the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland been declining?
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名词解释：
（1）The Black Death
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（2）The War of Roses
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（3）The BBC
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（4）The Renaissance
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（5）Patrick White
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（6）The Battle of Hastings
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