【期末高分题集】[北京语言大学]《英语国家概况(Ⅱ)》考核必备40

奥鹏期末考核

24155–《英语国家概况(Ⅱ)》2022年北京语言大学期末复习题集

单选题：
（1）What are the original inhabitants of Canada now called?
A.The Indians
B.The First Nations
C.The Eskimos
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（2）To promote peace and cooperation among nations, Canada plays an active role in international organizations. Which of the following is the exception?
A.the United Nations
B.the Commonwealth
C.the National Organization of Women
D.la Francophonie
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（3）Mark Twain's works are characterized by the following except ___.
A.sense of humor
B.egotism
C.jokes
D.tall tales
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（4）Canada once called itself a "bicultural" society. What does this "bicultural" refer to?
A.English and French cultures
B.Canadian and American cultures
C.English and Indian cultures
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（5）The Niagara Falls is located on the border of the United States with_______.
A.Mexico
B.Columbia
C.Panama
D.Canada
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（6）Where is Canada on?
A.Europe
B.Oceania
C.America
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（7）What is the central idea in many works of Canadian literature?
A.Survival
B.Individualism
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（8）The U.S. government consists of three branches:___________.
A.the executive branch, the legislative branch, and the judicial branch
B.the State Department, the Department of Defense, and the Energy Department
C.the White House, the Senate, and the Supreme Court
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（9）Canada is a member of ______.
A.NATO
B.the Commonwealth
C.both NATO and the Commonwealth
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（10）When Britain lost its status as a world power after World War II, Canada became a junior partner helping______ global interests.
A.Indian
B.Australian
C.American
D.Russian
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（11）Three of the most famous primitive tribes living in the American continent created such brilliant civilizations. They are _____________.
A.the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas
B.the Iroquois, the Pueblo, and the Pima Indians
C.Yadkin, Coles Creeks, and Smoky Hills
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（12）Who devised the Desk Operating System?
A.Thomas Watson
B.Steve Jobs
C.Bill Gates
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（13）__________ is most powerfully presented in Margaret Laurence's work, making her highly representative of contemporary Canada?
A.Self-analysis
B.Women's position
C.Cultural difference
D.Political environment
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（14）Is Canada the biggest country in the world?
A.Yes
B.No
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（15）Which automobile brand was the first to use assembly line in auto manufacturing?
A.Ford
B.Chrystler
C.Lincoln
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（16）Do you happen to know of the name of George Washington? Is he_________?
A.one of the founding fathers of the United States
B.the first Governor of the State of New York
C.the author of the Declaration of Independence
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（17）Jazz music, which refers to a new blend of folk music, work chants, spirituals, marches, and even European classical music, which originated in ________.
A.an American city called New Orleans
B.Rome, Italy
C.London, Britain
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（18）Which Canadian prime minister referred to the two world wars as " the vortex of European militarism"?
A.Lester Pearson
B.Wilfred Laurier
C.Pierre Trudeau
D.Brian Mulroney
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（19）Canadian economy is a _______.
A.resource-based economy
B.agricultural economy
C.tourism economy
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（20）What is not an example of service industry?
A.Legal consulting
B.Banking
C.Hotels and restaurants
D.Computer manufacturing
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（21）Who is the head of Canadian government?
A.Governor general
B.Prime minister
C.Premier
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（22）Canada's energy resources are mainly located in _______.
A.sparsely-populated areas
B.the south close to U.S. border
C.the east coast near Nova Scotia
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（23）During _____ administration， Canada recognized the People’s Republic of China.
A.Wilfred Laurier's
B.Lester Pearson's
C.MacKinzie King's
D.Brian Mulroney's
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（24）Which of the following writers is a Canadian?
A.Emily Bronte
B.Kate Chopin
C.Margaret Atwood
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（25）Who invented the game of basketball?
A.A Canadian
B.An American
C.A Dominican
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（26）Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?
A.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants
B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians
C.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks
D.The American had the blood of the English and their descend
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（27）"No taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of ___________.
A.the settlers of Virginia
B.the people of Pennsylvania
C.the colonists in New England
D.the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution
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（28）The following were the main Reformation leaders except ___________.
A.Martin Luther
B.Martin Luther King
C.John Calvin
D.The English King Henry VIII
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（29）Service industries make up a large proportion of the economy of New Zealand, accounting for around ________________of GDP.
A.one-third
B.two-thirds
C.a half
D.three-quarters
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（30）Who found the colony of Pennsylvania?
A.Roger Williams
B.Lord Baltimore
C.John Smith
D.William Penn
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（31）Which constitutional amendment protects the right of people to keep and bear arms?
A.1st
B.2nd
C.3rd
D.4th
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（32）The first major religious revival in the middle of the________________ century injected new vigor into American religion.
A.17th
B.18th
C.19th
D.20th
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（33）Uncle Tom's Cabin is authored by ________________.
A.Walt Whitman
B.Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Stowe
C.Sarah Orne Jewett
D.Mark Twain
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（34）“The American Scholar” was an address made by ________________.
A.Henry David Thoreau
B.Nathaniel Hawthorne
C.Herman Melville
D.Ralph Waldo Emerson
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（35）________________has dominated federal politics for much of Canada's history, holding power for almost 69 years in the 20th century, more than any other party in a developed country.
A.The Bloc Qubcois
B.The Green Party
C.The Liberal Party
D.The Conservative Party
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（36）Walden is authored by________________ .
A.Henry David Thoreau
B.Nathaniel Hawthorne
C.Herman Melville
D.Ralph Waldo Emerson
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（37）Which of the novelists concentrated on subjective experience and personal relationships?
A.William Dean Howells
B.Henry James
C.Theodore Dreiser
D.Frank J. Webb
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（38）Canada finally gained democratic government in ________________ when Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick were federated as the Dominion of Canada.
A.1776
B.1863
C.1867
D.1907
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（39）By 2014, there had been ________________ general elections since 2000 in Canada.
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
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（40）Of the manufacturing sector in Canada, ________________ are especially important.
A.the machinery industry and the movie industry
B.the automobile industry and aircraft industry
C.the automobile industry and the chemical industry
D.the steelmaking industry and the chemical industry
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（41）Which of the following statements about the Mtis nation is NOT true?
A.The Mtis nation truly came together as a distinct group because of events that happened in Western Canada in the 1800s.
B.The Mtis nation began to take shape after French explorers and fur traders met Ojibwa, Assiniboine and Cree women and settled down to raise families with them.
C.As the children of mainly Aboriginal women and French men, they were able to become middlemen in the fur trade.
D.They represented more than 50% of the total Aboriginal population.
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（42）Relations between French Canada and France increased decisively during the ________________.
A.1940s
B.1950s
C.1960s
D.1970s
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（43）A free trade agreement (FTA) between China and New Zealand was signed in ________________.
A.2006
B.2007
C.2008
D.2009
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（44）Which of the following statements about Puritans or Puritanism is NOT correct?
A.Puritans believed in predestination.
B.Puritans believed that those chosen by God to be saved – the elect – would experience "conversion".
C.Puritans believed that only the elect could serve as Church members.
D.Puritans believed that state and church should be separate
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（45）Which constitutional amendment sets a term limit for the President?
A.20th
B.22nd
C.23rd
D.25th
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（46）Which of the following Americans invented telegraph?
A.Elias Howe
B.Robert Fulton
C.Eli Whitney
D.Samuel F. Morse
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（47）As of 2008, less than________________percent of the population is directly employed in agriculture.
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
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（48）The________________was widely viewed as the beginning of the second wave feminism in America.
A.publication ofThe Second Sex
B.publication ofThe Feminine Mystique
C.establishment of the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women
D.appointment of Esther Peterson
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（49）The three pillars of Clinton’s foreign policy are national security, economic prosperity and promotion of ________________ .
A.Democracy
B.freedom
C.justice
D.equality
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（50）The "Year of the Woman" refers to________________.
A.1990
B.1991
C.1992
D.1993
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（51）In 1893, New Zealand became the world's first country to what?
A.Give its native peoples the vote
B.Provide old-age pensions
C.Give women the vote
D.Build a geothermal power plant
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（52）The dominant mode of 19th-century literature in the United States is________________ .
A.regionalism
B.provincialism
C.cosmopolitanism
D.localism
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判断题：
（1）In the summer of 1963, Hundreds of thousands of peaceful demonstrators marched to Washington, D.C., where Martin Luther King, a famous leader of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), delivered his famous speech “I have a dream”.
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（2）Catholicism has the demographic supremacy in Australia today.
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（3）The executive branch of Australian government is headed by the Governor-General who is the representative of the Queen.
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（4）The British were the first foreigners to make contact with the People of the Dreaming.
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（5）Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique, published in 1963, changed the way large numbers of women thought about themselves and other women.
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（6）The final blow to the Catholic Church came in referendum in 1995, when the Irish people voted for the legal provision of divorce.
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（7）Convicts＇ wives in England were discouraged from following their husbands to Australia.
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（8）The Irish legal system is arranged in a hierarchy, with District Court at the bottom and Supreme Court at the top.
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（9）The Australia, the senate of Parliament has the power to enact legislation.
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（10）The long wool boom helped to increase the population of Australia significantly.
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（11）The President of Ireland is only a symbolic Head of State and does not have executive power.
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（12）The continent of Australia is the largest, fattest and driest continent in the world.
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（13）Christianity was introduced into Ireland by the Normans in the 6th century.
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（14）It was believed before 1980s that the government should play the central role in the promotion and maintenance of the social prosperity.
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（15）The Irish Government has the sole power of making laws for the state.
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（16）Computer is possibly the most significant technology of the latter part of 20th century.
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（17）In September 1961, the federal government declared segregation illegal in all interstate bus stations which served buses traveling to another state.
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（18）The President of Ireland is elected directly by the people.
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（19）During WWII, propaganda posters promoted the idea that it was patriotic – and not unfeminine – for women to work in non-traditional jobs.
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（20）Today, American citizens over the age of 21 cannot be denied the right to vote, regardless of race, religion, sex, disability, or sexual orientation.
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（21）In the United States, Executive and Legislative branches are elected by the people; likewise, members of the Judicial Branch are elected by the people as well.
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（22）The government tended to be more involved in the Canadian economy than it was in a country such as the U.S., which had a much larger population and many more buyers.
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（23）The first novel produced in Canada, indeed in North America, was The History of Emily Montague (1769) written by B. Samuel Hearne.
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（24）Forty years after the civil rights era, the United States remains a residentially segregated society in which blacks and whites inhabit different neighborhoods of vastly different quality.
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（25）In Canada, especially in recent years, party discipline has been very strictly enforced with all MPs expected to vote in accordance with party policy – even more rigidly than is the case in the British House of Commons.
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（26）Historically, an important issue in Canadian politics is the interplay between the oil and energy industry in Western Canada and the industrial heartland of Southern Ontario.
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（27）Overall, most Americans anticipate that the technological developments of the coming half-century will have a net positive impact on society.
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（28）Equality of condition means that all people should be treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers or prejudices or preferences, except when particular distinctions can be explicitly justified.
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（29）The Black or African-American group is the largest ethnic minority, as opposed to Hispanics and Latinos, who are the largest racial minority.
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（30）A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 whenMartin Luther King, Jr.delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech.
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问答题：
（1）Why is the United States the most powerful in the world?
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（2）What are the Canada-US relations like?
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In addition to their close bilateral ties, Canada and the United States cooperate in multilateral fora, including international efforts to combat terrorist financing and money laundering奥鹏期末考核. The two countries belong to a number of the same international organizations, including the United Nations, NATO, WTO, G8, G20, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Organization of American States, and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. Canada accepted an invitation to join the Trans-Pacific Partnership regional trade agreement being negotiated among the United States and other countries.

（3）Why are so many people living in poverty in the United States?
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To these social factors we can add others. A high divorce rate, for example, results in large numbers of single-parent families who have a hard time depending on a single adult for both childcare and a living income. The centuries-old legacy of racism in the United States continues to hobble millions of people through poor education, isolation in urban ghettos, prejudice, discrimination, and the disappearance of industrial jobs that, while requiring relatively little formal education, nonetheless once paid a decent wage. These were the jobs that enabled many generations of white European immigrants to climb out of poverty, but which are now unavailable to the masses of urban poor.

（4）Do you think Canadians are justified to claim that fundamental differences remain between Canadians and Americans?
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　　“If Canadians were really Anti-American, we would have to denounce ourselves, or everything about our country and our place in it. We are contradictory, inconsistent, and, yes, occasionally hypocritical. When it comes to the Americans, we say one thing and do another—happy to enjoy the fruits of prosperity and security gained by the good fortune of living beside the most benevolent neighbour God could have given us … If Canadians felt the way we say we do, and had the integrity of self-aware people, we would not have made the choices we have as a country … we would not have welcomed American trade, we would not have consumed 　　American culture, we would not have contracted out our national defence. [We] would have placed much greater restrictions on foreign ownership and imposed airtight rules on imported films, magazines and books, radio and television. All these were choices Canadians could have made if we wanted to differentiate ourselves from the Americans.”

名词解释：
（1）Religious liberty in the US
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（2）Montgomery bus boycott
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（3）Industrial Revolution in America
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（4）Pierre Trudeau
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（5）The powers of the presidency
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（6）The Canadian Mosaic
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The concept of a Canadian settlement mosaic developed slowly and in part as a reaction against the American frontier thesis advanced by Frederick Jackson Turner in 1891. Turner suggested, among other things, that the free homestead system created mixed communities in which people from many different national, ethnic, racial, and religious backgrounds were transformed into Americans. Canada, on the other hand, allowed block settlements of different religious or ethnic groups. The result was a slower and different process of assimilation.