【期末高分题集】[北京语言大学]《英语语言学》考核必备42

奥鹏期末考核

24132–《英语语言学》2022年北京语言大学期末复习题集

单选题：
（1）A __________ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
A.coordinator
B.particle
C.preposition
D.subordinator
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（2）The ________ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.
A.lexical
B.morphological
C.linguistic
D.combinational
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（3）Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be ___________.
A.in phonemic contrast
B.in complementary distribution
C.the allophones
D.minimal pair
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（4）A___ is a list of things, between which it is possible to choose.
A.system
B.behavior
C.form
D.scale
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（5）A historical study of language is a _______ study of language.
A.synchronic
B.diachronic
C.prescriptive
D.comparative
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（6）___ sees language as a system of innate rules.
A.Structuralist linguistics
B.Traditional grammar
C.TG linguistics
D.Functional linguistics
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（7）“Alive” and “dead” are ______________.
A.gradable antonyms
B.relational opposites
C.complementary antonyms
D.None of the above
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（8）___means a change of name.
A.simile
B.metaphor
C.metonymy
D.synecdoche
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（9）The sound /f/ is _________________.
A.voiced palatal affricate
B.voiced alveolar stop
C.voiceless velar fricative
D.voiceless labiodental fricative
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（10）According to F. de Saussure, _______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A.parole
B.performance
C.langue
D.Language
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（11）___is the term used in linguistics to describe the relationship between a particular style of language and its context of use.
A.Register
B.Couplet
C.Blank verse
D.Meter
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（12）___is the planning of a course of instruction.
A.Syllabus
B.Curriculum
C.Topics
D.Analysis
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（13）The meaning of language was considered as something _______ in traditional semantics.
A.contextual
B.behaviouristic
C.intrinsic
D.logical
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（14）__________ is advanced by Paul Grice
A.Cooperative Principle
B.Politeness Principle
C.The General Principle of Universal Grammar
D.Adjacency Principle
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（15）In general, the（ ）stage begins roughly in the second half of the child's second year.
A.babbling
B.one-word
C.two-word
D.multiword
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（16）Words that are close in meaning are called（ ）.
A.homonyms
B.polysemy
C.hyponyms
D.synonyms
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（17）A sentence is considered（ ）when it does not conform to the grammati?cal knowledge in the mind of native speakers.
A.right
B.wrong
C.grammatical
D.ungrammatical
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（18）A historical study of language is a（ ）study of language.
A.synchronic
B.diachronic
C.prescriptive
D.comparative
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（19）The sound /v/ is（ ）.
A.voiced palatal affricate
B.voiced alveolar stop
C.voiceless velar fricative
D.voiced labiodental fricative
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（20）The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play “Romeo and Juliet” ‘A rose by any other name would smell as sweet’ well illustrates（ ）.
A.the conventional nature of language
B.the creative nature of language
C.the universality of language
D.the big difference between human language and animal communication
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（21）“-s” in the word “cats” is（ ）.
A.a derivative affix
B.a stem
C.an inflectional affix
D.a root
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（22）If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be（ ）.
A.prescriptive
B.analytic
C.descriptive
D.linguistic
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（23）The morpheme “black” in the common word “blackboard” is a(n)（ ）.
A.bound morpheme
B.bound form
C.inflectional morpheme
D.free morpheme
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（24）The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the（ ）of that phoneme.
A.phones
B.Sounds
C.phonemes
D.allophones
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（25）The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a（ ）formula "S→NP VP".
A.hierarchical
B.linear
C.tree diagram
D.vertical
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（26）Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?（ ）
A.Arbitrariness
B.Displacement
C.Duality
D.Meaningfulness
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多选题：
（1）The machine itself together with ___ is known as a computer system.
A.a keyboard and printer
B.screen
C.disk drivers
D.programs
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（2）Some factors are believed to influence our language behavior in a social context, they are___
A.class
B.gender
C.age
D.religious belief
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（3）A typical IR system has the following components___.
A.input
B.processor
C.output
D.retrieval
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（4）During the whole 20th century, a great deal of efforts has been taken to treat the inquiry of linguistics as ___ pursuit of an independent science.
A.monistic
B.autonomous
C.stylistic
D.interrogative
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（5）Communicative competence has the following components___.
A.possibility
B.feasibility
C.appropriateness
D.performance
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（6）Which of the following linguists are not the representative from North America?
A.John, P, Firth
B.Franz Boas
C.Edward Sapir
D.Benjamin Lee Whorf
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判断题：
（1）In English the subject usually precedes the verb and the direct object usually follows the verb.
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（2）Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.
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（3）The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.
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（4）The cohort theory represents the relationships between various semantically related words.
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（5）Corpus linguistics deals with the principles and practice of using corpora in language study.
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（6）Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.
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（7）Garden Path sentences are ambiguous sentences.
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（8）Delicacy refers to the dimension which recognises increasing depth of detail.
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（9）In semantics, meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experience.
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（10）Linguistic research aims at the learner＇s mastery of language, whereas language teaching is concerned with the establishment 奥鹏期末考核of theories which explains the phenomena of language.
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（11）The Classic Theory deals with how semantics should be studied in a linguistics theory.
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（12）Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
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（13）Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations.
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（14）Syntax is a subfied of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language, including the combination of morphemes into words.
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（15）The first meaning for a word that a dictionary definition gives is its figurative meaning.
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（16）Constituents that can be substituted for one another without loss of grammaticality belong to the same syntactic category.
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（17）Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle.
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（18）Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
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（19）Sentences are composed of sequence of words arranged in a simple linear order, with one adding onto another following a simple arithmetic logic.
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（20）An important difference between traditional grammarians and modern linguists in their study of language is that the former tended to over-emphasize the written form of language and encourage people to imitate the "best authors" for language usage.
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（21）Speakers of different languages are capable of distinguishing and recognizing experiences of the same objective world according to their respective different linguistic coding system.
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（22）A compound is the combination of only two words.
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（23）Any sound produced by a human being is a phoneme.
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（24）When children learn to distinguish between the sounds of their language and the sounds that are not part of the language, they can acquire any sounds in their native language once their parents teach them.
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（25）The sentences "He crazy" and "He be sick all the time" are both acceptable in Black English vernacular because copula deletion and habitual be are two famous features of Black English.
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（26）Of the views concerning the study of semantics, the contextual view, which places the study of meaning in the context in which language is used, is often considered as the initial effort to study meaning in a pragmatic sense.
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（27）In linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing.
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（28）All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language.
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（29）English is a tone language while Chinese is not.
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分析题：
（29）English is a tone language while Chinese is not.
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（29）English is a tone language while Chinese is not.
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（29）English is a tone language while Chinese is not.
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简答题：
（1）What is context?
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（2）Are the linguist approaches in MT research successful? Why?
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（3）What is Cooperative Principle?
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（4）Why do we say language acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the grammatical system of language?
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名词解释：
（1）Compounding
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（2）Phonology
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（3）Homophones
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（4）IPA
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（5）Slang
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（6）Acculturation
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